This volume, by a renowned expert, critically examines the past growth experiences, the factors underlying the persistently slow growth, and the constraints impeding Indian agriculture in recent decades. This extensive literature explores the gaps in the knowledge on Indian agricultural performance seeking to present a comprehensive picture with explorations of: role of technology, economic environment, and role of institutions The main discussions focus on: trends and fluctuation in output; contribution of changes in area, yields and crop pattern; trends in costs and prices; role of irrigation and various elements of bio-chemical technology; unevenness of technological change, input use and yield growth across regions, crops and different categories of farmers; impact of land reforms on changing agrarian structure; and trends in rural wage labour markets. Author Bio: A. Vaidyanathan is Professor Emeritus at the Madras Institute of Development Studies.