This book sets out to trace the routs which linked the Ganga-Yamuna plain between Rajgriha and Mathura with Andhra and Maharashtra in the ancient period. What has emerged is the essential framework of a complex network of route still traceable on the ground. This network has also been compared with the corresponding evidence in the mediaeval and later historic records, and it has been argued that, although the routes of these later periods hyad partly changed their alignments with the rise of new economic and political centres of power, the ancient alingments did not die out but continued to function at the first field-study of its kind in the context of ancient Indian routes.