Indian sub continents are a vast repository of medicinal plants that are used in traditional medicinal treatment. These medicines have been developed through the experience of many generation assimilation of the knowledge, in course of time, from fragments of Siddha, Ayurvada, Yunani as well as tribal system of medicine. Currently 80% of the world population depends on plant- derived medicine for the first line of primary health care for human alleviation because it has no side effects. This book gives an exhaustive detail on about 300 species of medicinal plants belonging to 104 families of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Orissa. It also provides information related to ethnomedicinal uses of of medicinal plants from Similipal. Besides a scope of biotechnological applications and pharmaceutical evaluation of medicinal plants towards drug development have also been highlighted. We are sure this book will be of immense help to foresters, students, researchers, ethnobiologists, biotechnolo-gists, ecologists and plant lovers. This book has been suitably illustrated with maps, coloured photographs and exhaustive bibliography and plant indexed with scientific names which will be of tremendous aid to the student of bioscience and biotechnology.